Constitution, science, neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence 1

Augusto Parra Smoked
President of the República en Marcha Foundation.

In a view that may respond rather to a particular conception of a possible tribal sensibility, I tend to feel part of a sector without particularly clear political expression, which appreciates reformism and permanent change, as a way of adapting to an era of diffuse paradigms. , which tend to be easily replaced in the context of a society that experiences constant change, but nevertheless appreciates gradualness and tends to consider certain reservations against some temptations to change. refundational character and in the same way it views with apprehension and reserves the risk of stagnation and resistance to the necessary reforms.

Nicholas Machiavelli, assimilate the Constitutions to living organisms, whose goodness is corrupted with the passage of time, unless it is administered a medicine that cures it, since every day something is added that it needs, in that logic it affirms, “that, if these bodies are not renewed , they perish. ” Santo Tomas de Aquino, maintains that the rectitude of the law, unlike that of material things, depends on its ordering to the common utility, to which the same things are not always convenient, by virtue of what it admits variations before a better good. Y San Agustin, defends the temporal law as one that “being fair, it can, however, be modified just as the circumstances of the times require.”

A few weeks ago in el Financial Times newspaper, Yuval Noam Harari, in an article entitled, “What We Learned in a Pandemic Year“He noted:” In a matter of months, the coronavirus was identified and effective vaccines were found, but the policy fell short of the science. “

It is therefore necessary to verify the difficulties of politics to assimilate the complexities of the present and the immensity of the challenges of the future.

Hence, I have come to place some hope that the constitutional debate will make it possible to approach some of the challenges imposed by the breadth of science and the fourth industrial revolution.
For example, the Artificial intelligence, for the scope that we know, such as the automation of tasks, predictability for decision-making and more advanced topics such as the connection between machines such as cars, virtual reality and augmented reality, although it can constitute an invaluable contribution to the progress of humanity, it is evident the need to establish some ethical limits, which make possible its orientation to the common good and minimize some undesirable externalities, such as the replacement of some tasks carried out by human beings, with a foreseeable impact on the employment that the IDB places, practically 54% of workers are likely to be replaced by robots, a figure that increases exponentially in the most precarious developing countries or threats such as the Neuropoliticalfrom experiences like that of Cambridge Analytics, manipulation for commercial purposes, etc.

We must require the constituent to address the debate around the limits of the use of data and gradually enable legislation to mitigate impacts, for example, tax the use of disruptive technologies that affect employment, design public policies for reconversion without ruling out systems of direct transfer in time that allow to accompany the future marginalized and a long etc …