It was in the year 756 when Al-Andalus settled in Al-Andalus, developing Spanish-Arab architecture and urbanism, leaving some representative buildings in Al-Andalus, such as the Alhambra, the Mosque of Cordoba and the Giralda. Andalusian architecture, like Roman architecture before it, had a remarkable impact on Andalusian architecture and urbanism. Arabs acquire Christianity. They will develop a particularly domestic architecture. The parish churches of the Kingdom of Cordoba and Seville were important, combining elements of Andalusian roots with others from Romanesque and Gothic architecture. Such as the Seville Cathedral, the largest Gothic temple in the world, which set the tone for the construction of other buildings in his kingdom, such as the diocese of San Miguel de Jerez.
In Granada, the Royal Chapel and the Cathedral with its Gothic plan and Renaissance structure are essential. The traditional architecture has a distinctive Mediterranean character, which has its roots in Roman and Arab architecture, and which is highly adapted to the climate.
Traditional urban homes were built connected to each other to insulate them from the high temperatures. Outside, solid whitewashed walls predominate over the openings to avoid excessive insolation inside. Depending on the weather and traditions in each region, the roofs of the houses were terraced, forming terraces or multi-pitched roofs built of Arab tiles. One of the most characteristic elements is the Andalusian inner courtyard like Córdoba. The houses used wrought iron bars on the windows and tiles as decorative elements. The patios contained plants, flowers, and water, which was an essential part of traditional Andalusian architecture, whether stately or popular, as in Antigua Guatemala. A concept I have used in my two most distinctive works: the El Patio and Usac building.
Qatar has positioned itself as a major player in the region, as well as the richest country in the world, with oil and gas per capita amounting to $128,647.
Located on the coast of the Persian Gulf, Doha is a relatively young city, founded near another settlement, Al-Bida’, during the 1820s. In recent years, the city has experienced rapid population growth, a picture which is reflected in its architectural landscape. During the 1960s and 1970s, many of Doha’s old neighborhoods were demolished to make room for new developments, while a series of architectural schemes were implemented to call for the preservation of the city’s cultural and architectural heritage.
It is an Arab development under the Mohammedan religion, in the middle of the desert, with an urban and architectural development, as they rebuilt the city, which allowed them to develop vertical buildings to create a high density. It has the best airport in the world.
With regard to the environmental problems of the desert, we have to point out the Arab contribution to clean urbanization, with Doha, the capital of Qatar, being the most populous region in the region, which houses more people in the midst of the latest. In architecture and urbanism, which will be a means of communication.
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